In monetary analysis, only a two-fold classification of bank deposits into (a) demand deposits or demand liabilities and (b) time deposits or time liabilities are made.
Demand Liabilities:Demand deposits or liabilities
are
defined as deposits payable on demand through cheque
or otherwise. It is only demand deposits which serve as a medium of exchange. They are the obligations
that a bank must fulfill immediately. Demand
Liabilities include current deposits,
the demand liabilities portion of
savings bank deposits, margins held against letters of credit/guarantees, unclaimed
deposits, credit balances in the Cash Credit account, deposits held as security for advances that are
payable on demand, and balances in
past-due fixed deposits, cash certificates,
and
cumulative/recurring
deposits.
Time Liabilities: All other deposits which are not payable on
demand and on which cheques cannot be
drawn have fixed term to maturity. They are, therefore, called time deposits or time liabilities. They are the
debts that a bank must pay off after a certain amount of time.
Time Liabilities include
fixed deposits, cash
certificates,
cumulative and recurring
deposits, staff security
deposits, margin held against letters of
credit if not repayable immediately, deposits maintained as security for advances that are not repayable
immediately,
and gold deposits.
For
the purpose of maintenance of CRR and SLR,
demand and time liabilities should include all on-
balance sheet liabilities excluding the
items listed
below:
a) Paid
up capital and reserves;
b) Loans taken from BB;
c) Credit Balance
in Profit and Loss
account;
d) Inter-bank items;
e) Repo, Special Repo and any kind of Liquidity Support taken
from BB.
Banks are advised to approach BB for any
doubt in reckoning
a particular liability
as demand or time
liability for CRR and SLR
computation.
2.6 List of Demand and Time Liabilities:
The following
list includes several demand and temporal liabilities
that can be
taken into account when calculating the necessary CRR and SLR. The things
on the
list apply to both conventional and Islamic
banking and are
of a general character.
1. Demand
Liabilities:
(a) Demand Deposits (General)
i) All Current Accounts except from banks.
ii) All Cash Credit Accounts (Credit Balances)
iii) Demand Portion of savings bank Accounts.
iv) Overdue Fixed Deposits accounts.
v) Call Deposits accounts
other than from banks (on
Demand)
vi) Unclaimed
balance accounts.
vii) Interest accrued
on above accounts.
viii) All other Deposits
payable to public on demand e.g.
1.
Outstanding Bills.
2.
Payment Orders.
3.
Telegraphic Transfers &
M.T.
4.
Outstanding Drafts.
5.
Drafts
payable Account.
6.
Demand
Drafts.
7.
Hajj Deposits.
8.
Bonus scheme Remittances Payable.
9.
Branch Remittances
Payable.
10.
Bills
Payable.
11.
Certificates Payable.
ix) Foreign Currency Deposit account
x) Unsold balance of NFCD account.
xi) Convertible Taka
account.
(b) Other Demand Liabilities.
i)
Margin on L/ cs.
ii) Margin on Guaranties.
iii) Lockers Key Security Deposits.
iv) Unclaimed Dividend/ Dividend Payable
v) Credit Balance and adjustment account.
vi)
Security Deposit accounts (amount deposited by Supplier of stationery and furniture etc. as security).
vii) Sundry Deposits accounts.
viii) Any other miscellaneous deposits payable
on demand.
2. Time
Liabilities:
(a) Time
Deposits (General).
i) Fixed Deposits from Customers
other than from banks.
ii) Special Notice Deposits other than those from other banks.
iii) Time
portion of the
savings
bank
deposits.
iv) Short term Deposit accounts.
v)
Recurring Deposits
vi) Interest accrued on
all above accounts. (b) Other Time Liabilities.
i) Employees' Provident Fund Accounts.
ii) Staff Pension
Fund.
iii) Employees' Security Deposits.
iv) Staff Guarantee or Security Fund.
v) Contribution towards
Insurance Fund.
vi) Any other miscellaneous liabilities payable on notice or after a specified period.
vii) Margin
account- Foreign Currency.
viii) Liabilities towards Foreign banks/ Correspondence bank.
ix)
Bi-lateral trade liabilities.